Face or Back the Congregation While the Priest is Celebrating Mass: Which One is Right?
The priest’s orientation during Mass celebration has been the subject of much controversy and discussion within the Catholic Church, particularly in light of the Second Vatican Council’s liturgical innovations. Historically, the priest would celebrate Mass with his back to the…
What Are the Definitions of Schism and Excommunication in the Catholic Church?
A group of Poor Clare nuns in Spain decided to leave the Catholic Church, committing the canonical crime of schism and facing excommunication.Italian Archbishop Carlo María Viganò is facing a Vatican extrajudicial proceeding for schism. What exactly do schism and…